Low-Level Light Therapy: The "Healing Mask" for Dry Eyes
Low Level Light Therapy (LLLT) is a relatively new treatment option for Dry Eye. It is a non-invasive and painless therapy that uses low energy light to replenish and rejuvenate the tear film, providing symptomatic relief.
DRY EYE TREATMENTS
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Today, we’re looking at Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT)—a technology that is rapidly becoming a favorite in dry eye clinics for its comfort and unique cellular benefits.
What is LLLT?
Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT), also called photobiomodulation or cold laser therapy, uses low-intensity light (lasers or LEDs) to stimulate cellular function, reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and speed up tissue repair, making it a drug-free, non-invasive treatment for various conditions like arthritis, joint injuries, dermatology, as well as dry eye.
How does LLLT work?
LLLT works via a mechanism called Photo-bio-modulation (PBM). The magic of LLLT happens at the cellular level. When the light photons hit the tissues of the eyelids, they are absorbed by the mitochondria, which is responsible for cellular metabolism. This stimulation produces Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), which is essentially energy that the body can use to repair itself.
The light itself does not provide any heat to the eyelids directly, unlike warm compresses or IPL therapy (which we will discuss in another article). Instead, the stimulation of mitochondria creates "endogenous heat", a gentle, deep-tissue warmth, which helps to soften the oils in the meibomian glands from the inside out.
One of the biggest advantages of LLLT over IPL is that it safely treats the upper eyelids. Since IPL can be dangerous if applied directly over the globe, it is usually restricted to the cheeks and lower lids. LLLT masks cover the entire orbital area, ensuring all glands get the benefit.
Lastly, LLLT has been shown to reduce the swelling of the eyelids and "heaviness" often felt in chronic blepharitis.
Instead of a handheld device, LLLT is typically delivered via a specially designed LED mask that sits over the patient's eyes.1 It emits specific wavelengths of light—most commonly Red Light (around $633\text{ nm}$) or Near-Infrared Light—at low intensities. Because the energy levels are lower, there is no risk of burning the skin, making it a "cold" light therapy.2
What to Expect During Treatment
LLLT is typically delivered via a specially designed LED mask that sits over the patient's eyes. It emits specific wavelengths of light—most commonly Red Light (around a wavelength of 633nm) or Near-Infrared Light—at low intensities. Because the energy levels are lower, there is no risk of burning the skin, making it a "cold" light therapy.
During the procedure, you will be wearing a mask that contains the LEDs. No gel is required for this procedure, unlike IPL. You will see a bright red glow through your closed eyelids, and you'll feel a very slight, pleasant warmth. Most patients find it so relaxing they nearly fall asleep. A typical session lasts about 15 minutes.
There is no redness or skin irritation afterward. You can return to your day immediately, and you don't need to stay out of the sun, unlike IPL.
LLLT vs. IPL: Which is Better?
It’s not necessarily about which is "better," but rather which tool fits the job.
LLLT does both top and bottom eyelids, whereas IPL is only safe to use on the lower eyelids.
LLLT doesn't target melanin, therefore it is 100% safe for Fitzpatrick skin types IV, V, and VI, whereas IPL is contraindicated these patients.
LLLT doesn't require gel. There is one IPL machine that also doesn't require gel but not all the clinic use this machine.
LLLT doesn't irritate the skin and there is no need to avoid sunlight post treatment.
LLLT is painless, it is much easier for younger patients or those with a low pain threshold.
Our Verdict
In my clinic, I often find that combination therapy works best. Using IPL to tackle the inflammation and following it immediately with LLLT to stimulate cellular healing provides a "one-two punch" that many chronic sufferers need. But you must also remember that both IPL and LLLT only works for patients with meibomian gland dysfunction-related dry eyes. They will not help you if you have aqueous-deficient dry eyes, i.e. your body can't produce tears.
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